lnmap实战之负载均衡架构(无高可用)
架构图如下:
此次实战软件,全部yum安装
1.准备好机器,同步好时间
192.168.42.150 node1 [负载均衡器]
192.168.42.152 node3 [web2]
192.168.42.153 node4 [web1]
192.168.42.151 node2 [memcached session存储]
192.168.42.154 node5 [nfs 共享存储]
192.168.42.155 node6 [mariadb]
我们这次实战从后面的节点开始吧
2.在node6节点上安装mariadb
安装mariadb
yum install mariadb-server -y
更改基本配置
vim /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf [mysqld] skip_name_resolve=1 log-bin=mysql-bin innodb_file_per_table = 1
启动mariadb
systemctl start mariadb
更改密码
mysqladmin -uroot -p password "root"
登录mysql
mysql -u root -p
添加外部访问账号
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'magedu'@'192.168.42.%' identified by '123456'; MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
登录测试一下
mysql -u magedu -h 192.168.42.155 -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 7 Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
3.node5 安装nfs
安装nfs
yum install nfs-utils rpcbind -y
添加用户(用户id,组id来自node3,node4的apache用户,我们需要统一)
[root@node5 ~] groupadd -g 48 apache [root@node5 ~] useradd -r -g 48 -u 48 apache [root@node5 ~] id apache uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache)
创建共享目录
mkdir -p /data chown -R apache.apache /data
配置共享目录
vim /etc/exports /data 192.168.42.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=48,anongid=48)
启动rpcbind,nfs
systemctl start rpcbind systemctl start nfs
设置开机启动 因为需要先启动rpcbind,然后再启动nfs,因此我们把开机启动放入rc.local里
chmod +x /etc/rc.local/rc.local vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local systemctl start rpcbind systemctl start nfs
查看此时的端口
ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:9743 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:20048 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 64 *:2049 *:* LISTEN 0 64 *:28518 *:* LISTEN 0 64 :::8812 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::61836 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 64 :::2049 :::*
查看挂载的目录
showmount -e 127.0.0.1 Export list for 127.0.0.1: /application/data 168.92.168.42.0/24
去node4,node3挂载试一下
yum install nfs-utils rpcbind httpd -y id apache uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache) mkdir /test chown -R apache.apache /test mount -t nfs 192.168.42.154:/data /test
4.node4,node3在测试nfs的时候已经安装过httpd了 所以我们只需要在node4,node3节点上安装php就行了
yum install php php-mysql -y
此步骤只适合2.2版本,yum安装的2.4版本/etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf已经帮我们添加了
配置apache虚拟主机,并让apache支持php
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
找到对应的位置,添加
ServerName localhost:80
找到对应的位置,添加
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
找到对应的位置,添加
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
找到对应的位置,添加
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</IfModule>
测试php是否能顺利运行
vim /var/www/html/index.php <?php phpinfo(); ?>
测试是否能顺利连接mysql
<?php
$conn = mysql_connect("192.168.42.155","magedu","123456");
if($conn){
echo "Connection success";
}else{
echo mysql_error();
}
?>
5.在node2上安装memcached
yum install libevent libevent-devle memcached -y systemctl enable memcached systemctl start memcached [root@node2 ~] ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 1024 *:11211 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 1024 :::11211 :::*
6.在node4,node3上操作,将php的session存储设置为memcached
(1)安装memcached扩展
yum install php-pecl-memcache* -y
(2)设置php的session存储
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf php_value session.save_handler "memcache" php_value session.save_path "tcp://192.168.42.151:11211"
(3)用例子测试一下：
代码如下:
vim /var/www/html/session.php
<?php
session_start();
if (!isset($_SESSION['TEST'])) {
$_SESSION['TEST'] = "set web1 ok";
}
echo $_SESSION['TEST'];
?>
(4).用另一个文件查看一下：
代码如下:
vim /var/www/html/get.php <?php session_start(); echo $_SESSION['TEST']; ?>
7.在node1上安装nginx 负载均衡器
yum install nginx -y
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://sshsrvs;
add_header X-Via $server_addr;
add_header X-Accel $server_name;
}
}
负载均衡配置
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
upstream sshsrvs {
server 192.168.42.152:80;
server 192.168.42.153:80;
least_conn;
}
8.在node4,node3添加虚拟主机测试
node3:
创建应用目录
mkdir -p /application/discuz
chown -R apache.apache /application/discuz
测试页
echo "this is discuz_1 test page." > /application/discuz/index.html
定义discuz虚拟主机
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/discuz.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName test.discuz.com
DocumentRoot "/application/discuz"
<Directory "/application/discuz">
Options None
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "logs/iounix_access_log" combined
</VirtualHost>
域名解析
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.42.152 test.discuz.com
重启apache
systemctl restart httpd
node4:
创建应用目录
mkdir -p /application/discuz
chown -R apache.apache /application/discuz
测试页
echo "this is discuz_4 test page." > /application/discuz/index.html
定义discuz虚拟主机
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/discuz.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName test.discuz.com
DocumentRoot "/application/discuz"
<Directory "/application/discuz">
Options None
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
CustomLog "logs/iounix_access_log" combined
</VirtualHost>
域名解析
vim /etc/hosts
192.168.42.153 test.discuz.com
重启apache
systemctl restart httpd
9.在负载均衡上添加域名解析并测试
vim /etc/hosts 192.168.42.150 test.discuz.com
添加discuz虚拟主机
vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/discuz.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name test.discuz.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://sshsrvs;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
add_header X-Via $server_addr;
add_header X-Accel $server_name;
}
}
测试test.discuz.com
[root@node1 conf.d] for i in {1..10};do curl test.discuz.com ; done
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_4 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_4 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_4 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_4 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_4 test page.
负载均衡效果已经出来了
10.安装discuz测试
为了避免出错发生,我们需要把负载均衡,卸掉一个,留一个,因为我们是从物理机的浏览器安装discuz
在node1上注释掉一个
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
upstream sshsrvs {
server 192.168.42.152:80;
server 192.168.42.153:80;
least_conn;
}
重启nginx
systemctl restart nginx
测试一下
[root@node1 nginx] for i in {1..10};do curl test.discuz.com ; done
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
this is discuz_1 test page.
进入node3的/application/discuz目录下载discuz
wget -c http://download.comsenz.com/DiscuzX/3.3/Discuz_X3.3_SC_UTF8.zip yum install unzip -y unzip Discuz_X3.3_SC_UTF8.zip ls [root@node3 discuz] ls Discuz_X3.3_SC_UTF8.zip index.html readme upload utility
删掉之前测试的index.html
rm -f index.html
我们可以看到discuz的目录层次有点深,因此我们需要把网站的根目录指向upload
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/discuz.conf DocumentRoot "/application/discuz/upload"
重启apache
systemctl restart httpd
因为discuz需要检查目录权限,因此我们
chown -R apache.apache /application/discuz
添加物理机hosts域名解析
192.168.42.150 test.discuz.com
浏览器输入 test.discuz.com
可以看到以下效果:
按照提示操作即可完成discuz安装
11.discuz安装完成以后,我们需要把文件推送到node4节点上
cd /application scp -rp discuz root@192.168.42.153:/application
推送完成以后
node4操作:
cd /application/discuz rm -f index.html chown -R apache.apache /application/discuz
更改虚拟主机discuz的根目录为upload
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/discuz.conf DocumentRoot "/application/discuz/upload"
完成上述操作以后,还记得之前在node1上注释的吗,我们需要把它打开
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
upstream sshsrvs {
server 192.168.42.152:80;
server 192.168.42.153:80;
least_conn;
}
重启nginx
12.在去浏览器中访问,登录后台,操作等,一切正常
13.还有最后一个问题需要处理,discuz的数据目录,共享存储 在node5上操作:
mkdir -p /data/discuz/
进入node3 把data推送过来
cd /application/discuz/upload scp -rp uc_server root@192.168.42.154:/data/discuz/ scp -rp data root@192.168.42.154:/data/discuz/
在node5上操作:
vim /etc/exports /data/discuz/data 192.168.42.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=48,anongid=48) /data/discuz/uc_server 192.168.42.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash,anonuid=48,anongid=48) exportfs -rv chown -R apache.apache /data
在node3上挂载并加入开机挂载
cd /application/discuz/upload/data rm -rf * umount /test cd ../ mount -t nfs 192.168.42.154:/data/discuz/data /application/discuz/upload/data mount -t nfs 192.168.42.154:/data/discuz/uc_server /application/discuz/upload/uc_server chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local echo "mount -t nfs 192.168.42.154:/data/discuz/data /application/discuz/upload/data" >>/etc/rc.d/rc.local echo "mount -t nfs 192.168.42.154:/data/discuz/uc_server /application/discuz/upload/uc_server" >>/etc/rc.d/rc.local
在node4做同样的操作:
至此工作已经全部完成
原创文章，作者：srayban，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.178linux.com/78403
