gdisk用法

gdisk用法

gdisk  – Interactive GUID partition table (GPT) manipulator

GPT  fdisk (aka gdisk) is a text–mode menu–driven program for creation and manipulation

       of partition tables.

1 使用gdisk 的原因

（1）由于fdisk 命令不能很好的支持GPT分区

[root@local ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command. 
Command (m for help):

而MBR分区不支持大于2T的分区，所有对于现在打的硬盘分区来说只能使用GPT分区，所以就要使用gdisk 命令

（2）gdisk 也可以处理MBR分区的硬盘，不管你硬盘多大，都不在话下。

2 用gdisk 对硬盘就行分区，这里以vmware虚拟机为例

（1）查看为分区之前的磁盘信息，这里以/dev/sdc为例

[root@local ~]# gdisk -l /dev/sdd

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.6
Partition table scan:
  MBR: not present
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present 
Creating new GPT entries.
Disk /dev/sdd: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 5ECA06B5-A105-4DCB-B6DD-96A13D0C1A93
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 10485693 sectors (5.0 GiB)
 Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name 

当然也可用fdis命令查看

[root@local ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdc

Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

（2）gdisk 命令对磁盘进行操作

 [root@local ~]# gdisk  /dev/sdc

GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.6

Partition table scan:
  MBR: not present
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present 
Creating new GPT entries. 
Command (? for help):

（3）根据提示，输入？ 获得帮助

Command (? for help): ?   
b       back up GPT data to a file
c       change a partition's name
d       delete a partition                                            #删除分区
i        show detailed information on a partition
l        list known partition types                            #列出分区类型
n       add a new partition                                       #添加新分区
o       create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)
p       print the partition table                                #打印分区列表
q       quit without saving changes                       #不保存退出
r        recovery and transformation options (experts only)
s        sort partitions
t        change a partition's type code           #修改分区类型
v       verify disk
w      write table to disk and exit                          #保存退出
x       extra functionality (experts only)
?       print this menu

（4）添加一个新分区

Command (? for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1): 1             #输入分区编号，默认为1，因为是/dev/sdc硬盘的第一块分区。
First sector (34-10485726, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  #输入扇区的开始位置，选择默认即可，也可手动指定。 
Last sector (2048-10485726, default = 10485726) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:+2G  #输入扇区的结束位置，当然一般都是指定磁盘大小，这里输入+2G 表示新分区大小为2G。
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):         #指定文件系统，默认即可，分区完成后可以修改。
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'

（5）查看分区后的分区列表

Command (? for help):  p     #查看分区列表
Disk /dev/sdc: 10485760 sectors, 5.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 428D4D72-0C16-4AD6-80A3-7BCACED6F40C
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 10485726
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 6291389 sectors (3.0 GiB) 
Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
   1            2048         4196351   2.0 GiB     8300  Linux filesystem      #看到分区已经添加成功

（6）保存分区并退出

Command (? for help):  w 
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N):      y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdc.
The operation has completed successfully.

可以看到分区以添加成功

3 创建文件系统

 [root@local ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdc1

meta-data=/dev/sdc1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=131072 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=524288, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

到此分区、文件系统创建成功，通过挂载就可以使用磁盘了