zabbix表分区(适用于zabbix2.0.x,zabbix2.2.x和zabbix2.4.x)

本文主要介绍了zabbix进行数据库表分区的方法:

        在系统监控中,zabbix已经代替了nagios+cacti,zabbix以其良好的图形展示和高度自定义赢得了很多运维人员的喜爱。但是由于在工作中,zabbix跑的时间过长(我们公司跑了将近3年),web页面经常卡顿,监控数据有时很难插入数据库,且数据库队列经常性卡死,经过查看,发现mysql的数据量高达83G,急需瘦身,于是有了此文。

步骤:

  1. 修改表结构:

    use zabbix;

    Alter table history_text drop primary key, add index (id), drop index history_text_2, add index history_text_2 (itemid, id);
    Alter table history_log drop primary key, add index (id), drop index history_log_2, add index history_log_2 (itemid, id)

  2. 创建四大存储过程:

    1. 分区创建的存储过程:

      DELIMITER $$
      CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_create`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), PARTITIONNAME VARCHAR(64), CLOCK INT)BEGIN/*
                 SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
                 TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
                 PARTITIONNAME = The name of the partition to create
              *//*
                 Verify that the partition does not already exist
              */DECLARE RETROWS INT;
              SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
              FROM information_schema.partitions
              WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND TABLE_NAME = TABLENAME AND partition_description >= CLOCK;
       
              IF RETROWS = 0 THEN/*
                         1. Print a message indicating that a partition was created.
                         2. Create the SQL to create the partition.
                         3. Execute the SQL from #2.
                      */SELECT CONCAT( "partition_create(", SCHEMANAME, ",", TABLENAME, ",", PARTITIONNAME, ",", CLOCK, ")" ) AS msg;
                      SET @SQL = CONCAT( 'ALTER TABLE ', SCHEMANAME, '.', TABLENAME, ' ADD PARTITION (PARTITION ', PARTITIONNAME, ' VALUES LESS THAN (', CLOCK, '));' );
                      PREPARE STMT FROM @SQL;
                      EXECUTE STMT;
                      DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
              END IF;
      END$$
      DELIMITER ;

    2. 分区删除的存储过程:

      DELIMITER $$
      CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_drop`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE BIGINT)BEGIN/*
                 SCHEMANAME = The DB schema in which to make changes
                 TABLENAME = The table with partitions to potentially delete
                 DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE = Delete any partitions with names that are dates older than this one (yyyy-mm-dd)
              */DECLARE done INT DEFAULT FALSE;
              DECLARE drop_part_name VARCHAR(16);
       
              /*
                 Get a list of all the partitions that are older than the date
                 in DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE.  All partitions are prefixed with
                 a "p", so use SUBSTRING TO get rid of that character.
              */DECLARE myCursor CURSOR FOR SELECT partition_name
                      FROM information_schema.partitions
                      WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND TABLE_NAME = TABLENAME AND CAST(SUBSTRING(partition_name FROM 2) AS UNSIGNED) < DELETE_BELOW_PARTITION_DATE;
              DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET done = TRUE;
       
              /*
                 Create the basics for when we need to drop the partition.  Also, create
                 @drop_partitions to hold a comma-delimited list of all partitions that
                 should be deleted.
              */SET @alter_header = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " DROP PARTITION ");
              SET @drop_partitions = "";
       
              /*
                 Start looping through all the partitions that are too old.
              */OPEN myCursor;
              read_loop: LOOP
                      FETCH myCursor INTO drop_part_name;
                      IF done THEN
                              LEAVE read_loop;
                      END IF;
                      SET @drop_partitions = IF(@drop_partitions = "", drop_part_name, CONCAT(@drop_partitions, ",", drop_part_name));
              END LOOP;
              IF @drop_partitions != "" THEN/*
                         1. Build the SQL to drop all the necessary partitions.
                         2. Run the SQL to drop the partitions.
                         3. Print out the table partitions that were deleted.
                      */SET @full_sql = CONCAT(@alter_header, @drop_partitions, ";");
                      PREPARE STMT FROM @full_sql;
                      EXECUTE STMT;
                      DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
       
                      SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, @drop_partitions AS `partitions_deleted`;
              ELSE/*
                         No partitions are being deleted, so print out "N/A" (Not applicable) to indicate
                         that no changes were made.
                      */SELECT CONCAT(SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME) AS `table`, "N/A" AS `partitions_deleted`;
              END IF;
      END$$
      DELIMITER ;

    3. 分区维护的存储过程:

      DELIMITER $$
      CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32), TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(32), KEEP_DATA_DAYS INT, HOURLY_INTERVAL INT, CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS INT)
      BEGIN
              DECLARE OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE VARCHAR(16);
              DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
              DECLARE OLD_PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
              DECLARE LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP INT;
              DECLARE CUR_TIME INT;
       
              CALL partition_verify(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, HOURLY_INTERVAL);
              SET CUR_TIME = UNIX_TIMESTAMP(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%Y-%m-%d 00:00:00'));
       
              SET @__interval = 1;
              create_loop: LOOP
                      IF @__interval > CREATE_NEXT_INTERVALS THEN
                              LEAVE create_loop;
                      END IF;
       
                      SET LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP = CUR_TIME + (HOURLY_INTERVAL * @__interval * 3600);
                      SET PARTITION_NAME = FROM_UNIXTIME(CUR_TIME + HOURLY_INTERVAL * (@__interval – 1) * 3600, 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
                      IF(PARTITION_NAME != OLD_PARTITION_NAME) THEN
                  CALL partition_create(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, LESS_THAN_TIMESTAMP);
              END IF;
                      SET @__interval=@__interval+1;
                      SET OLD_PARTITION_NAME = PARTITION_NAME;
              END LOOP;
       
              SET OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL KEEP_DATA_DAYS DAY), '%Y%m%d0000');
              CALL partition_drop(SCHEMA_NAME, TABLE_NAME, OLDER_THAN_PARTITION_DATE);
       
      END$$
      DELIMITER ;

    4. 分区校验的存储过程:

      DELIMITER $$
      CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_verify`(SCHEMANAME VARCHAR(64), TABLENAME VARCHAR(64), HOURLYINTERVAL INT(11))
      BEGIN
              DECLARE PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR(16);
              DECLARE RETROWS INT(11);
              DECLARE FUTURE_TIMESTAMP TIMESTAMP;
       
              /*
               * Check if any partitions exist for the given SCHEMANAME.TABLENAME.
               */
              SELECT COUNT(1) INTO RETROWS
              FROM information_schema.partitions
              WHERE table_schema = SCHEMANAME AND TABLE_NAME = TABLENAME AND partition_name IS NULL;
       
              /*
               * If partitions do not exist, go ahead and partition the table
               */
              IF RETROWS = 1 THEN
                      /*
                       * Take the current date at 00:00:00 and add HOURLYINTERVAL to it.  This is the timestamp below which we will store values.
                       * We begin partitioning based on the beginning of a day.  This is because we don't want to generate a random partition
                       * that won't necessarily fall in line with the desired partition naming (ie: if the hour interval is 24 hours, we could
                       * end up creating a partition now named "p201403270600" when all other partitions will be like "p201403280000").
                       */
                      SET FUTURE_TIMESTAMP = TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, HOURLYINTERVAL, CONCAT(CURDATE(), " ", '00:00:00'));
                      SET PARTITION_NAME = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(), 'p%Y%m%d%H00');
       
                      — Create the partitioning query
                      SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ", SCHEMANAME, ".", TABLENAME, " PARTITION BY RANGE(`clock`)");
                      SET @__PARTITION_SQL = CONCAT(@__PARTITION_SQL, "(PARTITION ", PARTITION_NAME, " VALUES LESS THAN (", UNIX_TIMESTAMP(FUTURE_TIMESTAMP), "));");
       
                      — Run the partitioning query
                      PREPARE STMT FROM @__PARTITION_SQL;
                      EXECUTE STMT;
                      DEALLOCATE PREPARE STMT;
              END IF;
      END$$
      DELIMITER ;

  3. 存储过程的使用:

    存储过程如果单独使用:CALL partition_maintenance(zabbix, 'history_uint', 31, 24, 14);

    解释:history_uint表最多保存31天的数据,每隔24小时生成一个分区,这次一共生成14个分区

    可以使用一个存储过程来实现7张表的分区:

    DELIMITER $$
    CREATE PROCEDURE `partition_maintenance_all`(SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR(32))
    BEGIN
           CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history', 31, 24, 14);
           CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_log', 31, 24, 14);
           CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_str', 31, 24, 14);
           CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_text', 31, 24, 14);
           CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'history_uint', 31, 24, 14);
           CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends', 180, 24, 14);
           CALL partition_maintenance(SCHEMA_NAME, 'trends_uint', 180, 24, 14);
    END$$
    DELIMITER ;

  4. 定时任务,使工作自动化:

    01 01 * * * /opt/software/mysql/bin/mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix -e "CALL partition_maintenance_all('zabbix');"

注:建议表分区任务和备份任务一起进行

特别感谢:51的”柠檬“请务必保持出处 附原文链接:http://xianglinhu.blog.51cto.com/5787032/1700981

               zabbix社区:https://www.zabbix.org/wiki/Docs/howto/mysql_partition

原创文章,作者:graysky,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/9009

(0)
grayskygraysky
上一篇 2015-10-27
下一篇 2015-10-27

相关推荐

  • Shell 变量类型及用法

    一、      什么是变量          变量源于数学,在计算机语言中能储存计算机结果或能表示值的抽象概念,变量可以由变量名访问,在指令语言中,变量通常是可变的。Linux是一个多用户的操作系统。每个用户登录系统后,都会有一个…

    Linux干货 2016-08-12
  • PHP安全模式详解(PHP5.4安全模式将消失)

    1. 安全模式      一直没有用过php的safe_mode安全模式,以此说明作为日后参考。      PHP 的安全模式是为了试图解决共享服务器(shared-server)安全问题而设立的。在结构上,试图在 PHP 层上解决这个问题是不合理的,但修改 web 服务器层和操作系统层显得非常不现…

    Linux干货 2015-06-02
  • sed命令的入门与进阶

    sed:Stream EDitor     什么是sed呢?sed被称为linux文本处理三剑客之一,另外两个就是大名鼎鼎的grep和awk。sed是非交互性的流编辑器,在处理文本时一次只读取一行文本,然后基于所给定的编辑脚本对模式空间中的内容做编辑处理并把处理后的结果输出至标准输出。接着处理下一行文本,这样不断重复,直到文件的末尾。se…

    2017-03-16
  • 马哥教育网络班22期+第1周课程练习

    1、描述计算机的组成及其功能 CPU:运算器、控制器、寄存器、缓存 存储器:内存,RAM(Random Access Memory) Input:下指令,提供数据等 Output:输出数据加工的结果 2、按系列罗列Linux的发行版,并描述不同发行版之间的联系与区别 Debian系列         ubuntu &n…

    Linux干货 2016-08-15
  • 初窥门径shell脚本

    1.什么是shell脚本    首先它是一个脚本,并不能作为正式的编程语言。因为是跑在linux的shell中,所以叫shell脚本。确切的说shell脚本就是一些命令的集合。 2.写脚本前的一些细节及建议   Shell脚本通常都是以.sh 为后缀名的,这个并不是说不带.sh这个脚本就不能执行,只是大家的一个习惯而已…

    Linux干货 2016-08-15
  • 硬链接与软链接

    引言: 链接,一种在共享文件和访问它的用户的若干目录项之间建立联系的一种方法。 Linux中包括两种链接:硬链接(Hard Link)和软链接(Soft Link),软链接又称为符号链接(Symbolic link)。 Inode译成中文就是索引节点,它用来存放档案及目录的基本信息,包含时间、档名、使用者及群组等。 Block:存放档案内容数据的地方。 &n…

    Linux干货 2016-10-20

评论列表(2条)

  • stanley
    stanley 2015-10-27 23:24

    db研究的好熟练,赞
    格式上如果能稍做调整,一定极为吸睛

  • 逗逗
    逗逗 2015-12-20 21:35

    大神,能提高点 zabbix 监控模版么,嘿嘿。