1、建立samba共享，共享目录为/data，要求：（描述完整的过程）
mkdir /data #建立共享目录
1）共享名为shared，工作组为magedu
vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
修改
workgroup = MYGROUP
为
workgroup = magedu
修改
passdb backend = tdbsam
为
passdb backend = smbpasswd
smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
2)添加组develop，添加用户gentoo,centos和ubuntu，其中gentoo和centos以develop为附加组，ubuntu不属于develop组；密码均为用户名；
[root@CentOS7 samba]# groupadd develop [root@CentOS7 samba]# useradd -G develop gentoo [root@CentOS7 samba]# useradd -G develop centos [root@CentOS7 samba]# useradd ubuntu [root@CentOS7 samba]# echo "gentoo"| passwd --stdin gentoo 更改用户 gentoo 的密码 。 passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 [root@CentOS7 samba]# echo "centos"| passwd --stdin centos 更改用户 centos 的密码 。 passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 [root@CentOS7 samba]# echo "ubuntu"| passwd --stdin ubuntu
3)添加samba用户gentoo,centos和ubuntu，密码均为“mageedu”；
[root@CentOS7 samba]# smbpasswd -a gentoo New SMB password: Retype new SMB password: startsmbfilepwent_internal: file /etc/samba/smbpasswd did not exist. File successfully created. Added user gentoo. [root@CentOS7 samba]# smbpasswd -a centos New SMB password: Retype new SMB password: Added user centos. [root@CentOS7 samba]# smbpasswd -a ubuntu New SMB password: Retype new SMB password: Added user ubuntu. [root@CentOS7 samba]#
4)此samba共享shared仅允许develop组具有写权限，其他用户只能以只读方式访问；
vim smb.conf
末尾添加 [shared] comment = Magedu.com path = /data guest = yes writable = no write list = +develop
**5)此samba共享服务仅允许来自于172.16.0.0/16网络的主机访问； **
vim smb.conf
添加
hosts allow = 172.16.0.0/16
[root@CentOS7 samba]# systemctl start smb.service
[root@CentOS7 samba]# systemctl status smb.service
● smb.service - Samba SMB Daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/smb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 四 2017-03-23 14:39:18 CST; 5s ago
Main PID: 101560 (smbd)
Status: "smbd: ready to serve connections..."
CGroup: /system.slice/smb.service
├─101560 /usr/sbin/smbd
├─101561 /usr/sbin/smbd
├─101562 /usr/sbin/smbd
└─101563 /usr/sbin/smbd
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 systemd[1]: Starting Samba SMB Daemon...
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 smbd[101557]: [2017/03/23 14:39:18.773050, 0] .....)
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 smbd[101557]: Unknown parameter encountered: "g..."
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 smbd[101557]: [2017/03/23 14:39:18.773117, 0] .....)
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 smbd[101557]: Ignoring unknown parameter "guest"
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 systemd[1]: smb.service: Supervising process 101...s.
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 smbd[101560]: [2017/03/23 14:39:18.787425, 0] .....)
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 smbd[101560]: STATUS=daemon 'smbd' finished sta...s
3月 23 14:39:18 CentOS7 systemd[1]: Started Samba SMB Daemon.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
PS： CentOS7必须关闭防火墙，还有SELinux
[root@CentOS7 ~]# systemctl list-unit-files |grep fire firewalld.service enabled [root@CentOS7 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service [root@CentOS7 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service.
亲测OK，有图有真相
PS:这里我把hosts allow = 172.16.0.0/16 改为了hosts allow = 192.168.0.0/24
workgroup 改为WORKGROUP
这样就看到了，欧耶~
2、搭建一套文件vsftp文件共享服务，共享目录为/ftproot,
要求：（描述完整的过程）
1)基于虚拟用户的访问形式；
2)匿名用户只允许下载，不允许上传；
3)禁锢所有的用户于其家目录当中；
4)限制最大并发连接数为200
5)匿名用户的最大传输速率512KB/s
6)虚拟用户的账号存储在mysql数据库当中
7)数据库通过NFS进行共享
先科(zhuang)普(bi)
我们登录FTP有三种方式，匿名登录、本地用户登录和虚拟用户登录。
匿名登录：在登录FTP时使用默认的用户名，一般是ftp或anonymous。
本地用户登录：使用系统用户登录，在/etc/passwd中。
虚拟用户登录：这是FTP专有用户，有两种方式实现虚拟用户，本地数据文件和数据库服务器。
FTP虚拟用户是FTP服务器的专有用户，使用虚拟用户登录FTP，只能访问FTP服务器提供的资源，大大增强了系统的安全。
测试环境
NFS&MySQL服务器 192.168.0.248
vsftp 服务器 192.168.0.235
一、通过NFS服务器共享数据库
1、在192.168.0.248服务器上启动nfs服务，设置共享目录为/nfs_data
[root@CentOS6 ~]# mkdir -pv /nfsdata mkdir: created directory `/nfsdata’
2、安装组件
yum install rpcbind nfs-server nfs-lock nfs-idmap
3、启动nfs服务
[root@CentOS7 ~]# systemctl start nfs-server.service [root@CentOS7 ~]# systemctl status nfs-server.service ● nfs-server.service - NFS server and services Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (exited) since 五 2017-03-24 16:38:33 CST; 1 day 7h ago Main PID: 37384 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) CGroup: /system.slice/nfs-server.service 3月 24 16:38:33 CentOS7 systemd[1]: Starting NFS server and services... 3月 24 16:38:33 CentOS7 systemd[1]: Started NFS server and services. [root@CentOS7 ~]#
4、编辑 vim /etc/exports
添加一下内容
/nfs_data 192.168.0.0/24(rw,no_root_squash,sync)
exportfs -r 一下使其生效
注：配置文件说明：
/nfs_data为共享目录 192.168.0.0/24 可以为一个网段，一个IP，也可以是域名，域名支持通配符 如: *.qq.com rw：read-write，可读写； ro：read-only，只读； sync：文件同时写入硬盘和内存； async：文件暂存于内存，而不是直接写入内存； no_root_squash：NFS客户端连接服务端时如果使用的是:root的话，那么对服务端分享的目录来说，也拥有root权限。显然开启这项是不安全的。 root_squash：NFS客户端连接服务端时如果使用的是root的话，那么对服务端分享的目录来说，拥有匿名用户权限，通常他将使用nobody或nfsnobody身份； all_squash：不论NFS客户端连接服务端时使用什么用户，对服务端分享的目录来说都是拥有匿名用户权限；
二、vsftp mysql 服务器挂载nfs
[root@CentOS6 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.0.235
Export list for 192.168.0.235:
/nfs_data 192.168.0.0/24
[root@CentOS6 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.0.235:/nfs_data /nfs_data
[root@CentOS6 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_centos6-lv_root
18G 3.3G 13G 21% /
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 69M 383M 16% /boot
192.168.0.235:/nfs_data
17G 6.9G 11G 41% /nfs_data
客户端在挂载的时候遇到的一个问题如下，可能是网络不太稳定，NFS默认是用UDP协议，换成TCP协议即可
mount -t nfs 192.168.0.235:/nfsdata /nfsdata -o proto=tcp -o nolock
在客户端写入一个有内容的文件测试，嘿嘿，服务端马上看到了，欧耶~~~
vsftp mysql 服务器 192.168.0.235安装MySQL/MariaDB
这里我就直接yum安装MariaDB了
yum install mariadb-server.x8664 mariadb-devel.x8664 openssl-devel.x86_64 systemctl start mariadb.service systemctl enable mariadb.service
安装PAM-MySQL，要跟vsftp安装在同一台机器上
下载源码包，加压
安装前再次确认依赖包
yum install pam-devel openssl-devel mariadb-devel
CentOS7 ./configure –with-mysql=/usr –with-openssl –with-pam=/usr –with-pam-mods-dir=/usr/lib64/security
CentOS6 ./configure –with-mysql=/usr –with-openssl –with-pam=/usr –with-pam-mods-dir=/lib64/security/
make -j 4 && make install
配置数据库，创建vsftpd的库和表
[root@CentOS7 pam_mysql-0.7RC1]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> create database vsftpd;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
| vsftpd |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use vsftpd;
Database changed
MariaDB [vsftpd]> create table users (
-> id int auto_increment not null primary key,
-> name char(30) not null,
-> password char(48) binary not null );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [vsftpd]> desc users;
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | char(30) | NO | | NULL | |
| password | char(48) | NO | | NULL | |
+----------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [vsftpd]> insert into users(name,password) values ('jerry',password('mageedu'));
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [vsftpd]> insert into users(name,password) values ('tom',password('mageedu111'));
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [vsftpd]> select * from users;
+----+-------+-------------------------------------------+
| id | name | password |
+----+-------+-------------------------------------------+
| 1 | jerry | *9A94EE7D14C10908118B62D2DA88E6932E11E438 |
| 2 | tom | *67CF267D9D554496768C605C2D66754EAE874C12 |
+----+-------+-------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [vsftpd]>
#我这边vsftpd跟mysql不是同一台机器，所以开启远程授权
MariaDB [mysql]> grant select on vsftpd.* to vsftpd@'192.168.0.248' identified by 'mageedu';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[root@CentOS7 pam_mysql-0.7RC1]# mysql -uvsftpd -pmageedu
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test |
| vsftpd |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use vsftpd;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [vsftpd]> select * from users;
+----+-------+-------------------------------------------+
| id | name | password |
+----+-------+-------------------------------------------+
| 1 | jerry | *9A94EE7D14C10908118B62D2DA88E6932E11E438 |
| 2 | tom | *67CF267D9D554496768C605C2D66754EAE874C12 |
+----+-------+-------------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [vsftpd]> exit
Bye
[root@CentOS7 pam_mysql-0.7RC1]#
迁移MariaDB的数据库默认数据存放目录，放到/nfs_data/目录中，形成NFS共享
[root@CentOS7 /]# systemctl stop mariadb.service
[root@CentOS7 /]# cp -r /var/lib/mysql/ /nfs_data/
[root@CentOS7 /]#vim /etc/my.cnf
修改成：datadir=/nfs_data/mysql
[root@CentOS7 /]#cd /nfs_data/
[root@CentOS7 /]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/
[root@CentOS7 /]#systemctl start mariadb.service
[root@CentOS7 /]#systemctl status mariadb.service
● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2017-03-26 15:16:34 CST; 18min ago
Process: 94278 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 94247 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 94277 (mysqld_safe)
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
├─94277 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
└─94435 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/nfs_data...
3月 26 15:16:32 CentOS7 systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server...
3月 26 15:16:32 CentOS7 mysqld_safe[94277]: 170326 15:16:32 mysqld_safe....
3月 26 15:16:32 CentOS7 mysqld_safe[94277]: 170326 15:16:32 mysqld_safe...l
3月 26 15:16:34 CentOS7 systemd[1]: Started MariaDB database server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
这时候，两边机器的NFS目录都看看，OK啦~~~
安装vsftpd
[root@CentOS6 mysql]# yum install vsftpd Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-21.el6 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================ Installing: vsftpd x86_64 2.2.2-21.el6 base 155 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================ Install 1 Package(s) Total download size: 155 k Installed size: 340 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: vsftpd-2.2.2-21.el6.x86_64.rpm | 155 kB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : vsftpd-2.2.2-21.el6.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : vsftpd-2.2.2-21.el6.x86_64 1/1 Installed: vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-21.el6 Complete!
配置vsftpd的pam文件
[root@CentOS6 ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/vsftpd.mysql
输入以下内容：
auth required pam_mysql.so user=vsftpd passwd=mageedu host=192.168.0.235 db=vsftpd table=users usercolumn=name passwdcolumn=password crypt=2 account required pam_mysql.so user=vsftpd passwd=mageedu host=192.168.0.235 db=vsftpd table=users usercolumn=name passwdcolumn=password crypt=2
创建系统用户
因为虚拟用户最终要映射为系统用户，所以得创建用于vsftpd映射使用滴用户啦。。。。。
[root@CentOS6 ~]# mkdir -pv /ftproot mkdir: created directory `/ftproot' [root@CentOS6 /]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -d /ftproot vuser
确保vuser的家目录其他用户能读能执行
[root@CentOS6 /]# ll |grep ftproot/ [root@CentOS6 /]# ll |grep ftpr drwx------ 3 vuser vuser 4096 Mar 27 13:59 ftproot [root@CentOS6 /]# chmod +rx -R /ftproot/ [root@CentOS6 /]# ll |grep ftpr drwxr-xr-x 3 vuser vuser 4096 Mar 27 13:59 ftproot [root@CentOS6 /]#
配置/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@CentOS6 /]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
修改 pamservicename=vsftpd.mysql
匿名用户只允许下载，不允许上传
[root@CentOS6 /]# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
anonymous_enable=YES #允许匿名账户登录
anonuploadenable=NO #不允许匿名用户上传文件
禁锢所有的用户于其家目录当中
chrootlocaluser=YES #禁锢本地账户的家目录
限制最大并发连接数为200
max_clients=200 #最大允许的客户端连接数
匿名用户的最大传输速率512KB/s
localmaxrate=512000
写入配置文件后，重启vsftp服务即可。
原创文章，作者：N24_Jerry，如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.178linux.com/71959
评论列表（2条）
总结的非常好，详细的操作过程，仔细的解释各参数意义，加油！！！
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